Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma is an invasive type of cancer. Affected cats tend to have pain associated with the tumor and may be disinclined to eat. Let’s look at some signs of squamous cell carcinoma and what treatment options might be available for your cat.

What Is Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant cancer that tends to be locally invasive. It typically starts in the tissues of your cat’s mouth, but it can spread further, even into the bone. Common areas where squamous cell carcinoma occurs are the gums and palate.

This cancer is the most commonly diagnosed oral cancer in cats. It may be found incidentally during a routine exam or dental cleaning. Squamous cell carcinoma can spread to other areas of the body, such as the lymph nodes and lungs. If your veterinarian suspects squamous cell carcinoma, they should palpate your cat’s lymph nodes and take radiographs (X-rays) of the cat’s chest to look for metastasis.

What Are the Signs of Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Cats with an oral tumor often develop trouble eating. The tumor can cause pain, but it can also interfere with your cat’s ability to chew. You might see your cat go to the food bowl but refuse to eat.

Signs you might see at home with oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats include:

If you are concerned about the health and well-being of your pet, we recommend getting in touch with a vet for guidance.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

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What Are the Causes of Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Squamous cell carcinoma may also appear in other areas of your cat, such as around its ears or nose. In these cases, it is likely caused by sun damage or exposure to UV rays, but trauma could also be a cause.

Sun exposure is less likely to be a cause for cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma. These cats are likely affected by chronic inflammation caused by severe periodontal disease.

Diagnosing Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Your Cat

Your cat should receive a physical exam at least one to two times per year to check for physical abnormalities, but you should also strongly consider annual dental cleanings under anesthesia. Your veterinarian will use this time to check your cat’s mouth thoroughly. At the same time, it is asleep under anesthesia, infusing the back of its mouth and under its tongue.

If your veterinarian sees a suspicious lesion in your cat’s mouth, they’ll likely recommend a fine needle aspirate for cytology or a biopsy. Options include:

Your veterinarian might start with blood work and radiographs (X-rays). Blood work typically checks your cat’s red blood cell levels (to ensure he’s not anemic), kidney enzymes, and blood sugar levels. Radiographs are helpful to check for metastasis to the lungs or abdomen. Unfortunately, a CT scan is usually needed to determine how invasive the mass is, giving your veterinarian an idea of whether surgery might be possible.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

If your cat is diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma, your veterinarian might refer it to a surgical specialist. Some referral hospitals have surgeons and oncologists working closely to treat these pets.

Surgery

Surgery may be an option for your cat and is often the first-line recommended treatment option. If the mass is small, the entire area may be removed, but sometimes veterinarians settle for debulking as much of the mass as possible. Your veterinarian may resect some underlying tissue or bone if the tumor has invaded local tissues. The vet will likely also sample the nearby or draining lymph nodes to help the pet better understand the possible spread.

Post-operative care for cats after major oral surgery can be intensive. Your cat may need a feeding tube placed, which could be a temporary or permanent fixture in your cat’s care.

Radiation

Radiation therapy may yield better long-term results than simply removing the mass, mainly if it is found early and when the squamous cell carcinoma is small. Veterinary oncologists may utilize radiation treatments to shrink the mass or to delay tumor growth.

Palliative Treatments

If other treatments are not feasible, either due to expense, location, or compromising your cat’s remaining quality of life, your veterinarian will likely recommend palliative care or hospice care.

Palliative care treats your cat’s underlying discomfort with pain medications or anti-inflammatories such as Onsior (robenacoxib). Radiation therapy is sometimes used as a form of palliative care to try and stabilize the tumor’s size.

Some squamous cell carcinoma cases become badly ulcerated and infected. In these cases, your vet might prescribe an antibiotic medication.

If your cat has trouble eating, your vet may place a feeding tube to allow it to be syringe-fed.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the prognosis for a cat with squamous cell carcinoma?

The prognosis for a cat with squamous cell carcinoma is relatively poor. North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine estimates that less than 10% of cats diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma live past a year.

Can squamous cell carcinoma occur in areas of the body other than the mouth?

Squamous cell carcinoma can develop in your cat’s body other than in their mouth. It often occurs in places like your cat’s ears or on your cat’s face and is more common in areas that may be exposed to a lot of UV light.

Conclusion

Squamous cell carcinoma is a scary diagnosis for our feline family members. While there are several treatment options, often, the location of the cancer limits how viable surgery or radiation can be. Your veterinarian will help you develop a treatment plan to keep your cat comfortable as long as possible.

Featured Image Credit: MeowDr, Shutterstock

The post Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Our Vet Explains the Causes, Signs & Care by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Your cat is losing weight and withdrawn, so you schedule a veterinary appointment. Your veterinarian suggests several diagnostic tests that point to your cat having stomach cancer. Let’s look at stomach cancer in cats and the options available to treat it.

What Is Stomach Cancer in Cats?

Leiomyosarcoma is a cancer occurring in the stomach of cats and the intestines. It is not a common neoplasia (cancer), but it is aggressive and can metastasize or spread. Other possible cancers include lymphoma and adenocarcinoma.

Leiomyosarcoma specifically affects the smooth muscles throughout the gastrointestinal system, which use involuntary contractions to move food through the gut.  Any cat can be affected by leiomyosarcoma, but it most commonly occurs in cats older than six years of age.

What Are the Signs of Stomach Cancer in Cats?

If your cat has leiomyosarcoma, the most likely signs of this cancer involve the gastrointestinal tract. Some cats have vomiting or diarrhea. Most commonly, vomiting or diarrhea is chronic and may occur intermittently. You might notice visible blood in the stools (hematochezia) or dark, tarry stools (melena). They may start to lose weight despite your increasing feedings.

You might see less apparent signs associated with stomach cancer in cats. Your cat might develop flatulence (gas), even with no changes in food, and you might hear their stomach rumbling, also called borborygmus.

What Are the Causes of Stomach Cancer in Cats?

Unfortunately, we don’t know what causes cats to develop leiomyosarcoma, so more research is needed. As it is less common than other cancers like lymphoma, leiomyosarcoma is not well-studied in cats. Researchers know that certain viral infections, such as feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency virus, are linked to lymphoma. Therefore, exposure to these viruses may increase the likelihood of your cat developing cancer.

If you are concerned about the health and well-being of your pet, we recommend getting in touch with a vet for guidance.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

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Diagnosing Stomach Cancer in Your Cat

If your cat isn’t feeling well and exhibits signs such as vomiting and diarrhea, your veterinarian will start with a physical exam and take a thorough history. During the exam, your veterinarian will gently palpate your cat’s abdomen to see if anything feels out of the ordinary, such as lumps, thickened intestines, or abnormally large lymph nodes.

Your veterinarian might start with blood work and a fecal parasite screening test to rule out common causes of gastrointestinal distress, such as roundworms. Blood work may often be normal or reveal mild changes that don’t pinpoint a specific reason, but it is essential to rule out certain conditions. They will likely perform radiographs (X-rays) or an ultrasound, or they might refer your cat to a specialist who can perform diagnostic imaging. Endoscopy is another helpful tool, where your veterinarian can scope your cat’s stomach and take biopsy samples to evaluate for cancer cells.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Stomach Cancer?

If your cat is a candidate for surgery, your veterinarian may recommend surgery to remove a localized mass. The vet might refer you to a surgical or oncology specialist to develop the best action plan.

Unfortunately, leiomyosarcoma can metastasize to other organs. Because of this, before surgery, your veterinarian will likely perform what Is commonly called a “met check” to look for evidence of metastasis. Typically, that involves radiographs (X-rays) and potentially an ultrasound to look for evidence of cancer spread to other organs.

Your cat’s post-operative recovery will likely be at least ten to fourteen days, where they will need an Elizabethan collar or bodysuit to keep your cat from licking or chewing at their incision.

In some cases, chemotherapy may be indicated. Your veterinarian and oncologist will work together to develop the best medication regimen for your cat.

Your cat will likely need supportive care while they are being treated, including:

Your cat will likely need a diet that is easily digestible. Some diets your veterinarian could recommend include:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How common is stomach cancer in cats?

Stomach cancer is considered much less common in cats than in dogs. In cases of reported neoplasia in cats, only 0.4% to 0.7% were cases of tumors associated with the stomach.

Are there other types of stomach cancer in cats?

Several other cancers can affect the stomach and other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. One cancer is adenocarcinoma, which starts in the glandular tissue of the stomach and can spread. Lymphoma is another intestinal cancer in cats. It develops in lymphatic tissue and can originate or spread throughout the body.

Is stomach cancer painful for cats?

Stomach cancer can be painful, so your veterinarian might look at options to treat your cat’s discomfort. Many chemotherapy protocols utilize prednisolone, a steroid, which can also relieve some discomfort and pain. You must not give a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory like Onsior or meloxicam if your cat takes a steroid due to the risk of gastric ulcers and other complications.

Signs that your cat could be in pain include:

Conclusion

While stomach cancer is not common in cats, it is a potential cause of weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea. Leiomyosarcoma is a cancer of the stomach and intestinal smooth muscles. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the mass if it has not spread, although your veterinarian might recommend chemotherapy as an option, especially if there is evidence of cancer metastasis. Other treatments involve highly digestible diets and symptomatic treatment, such as anti-nausea medication, as needed.

Featured Image Credit: Tyler Olson, Shutterstock

The post Stomach Cancer in Cats: Our Vet Explains the Causes, Signs & Care by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Your cat is losing hair and, quite honestly, smells like corn chips. You know it’s not normal, so you call your veterinary hospital to schedule an appointment. Your head is spinning after your veterinarian suggests a skin impression and diagnoses a Malassezia infection. What is that? Let’s take the mystery out of this skin infection.

What Is Malassezia Dermatitis?

Malassezia pachydermatis is a particular species of yeast. This organism usually lives in small numbers on your dog or cat’s skin and ears. However, it occasionally grows out of control, leading to skin or ear infections.

This species of yeast got its name from elephants or pachyderms. With severe or chronic Malassezia infections, your pet’s skin can thicken like leather or an elephant’s skin. Malassezia dermatitis differs from thrush in cats and is caused by Candida albicans.

What Are the Signs of Malassezia Dermatitis in Cats?

Cats with a Malassezia skin infection may present with a variety of signs. The cat may be itchy, ranging from mild to intensely pruritic. Your cat might also have an odor. Some people equate it to corn chips, but remember that other things, such as bacterial skin infections, can have a similar smell.

Often, the coat and skin of affected cats change. You might see:

If your cat only has one or more of the following signs of Malassezia, it might be evidence of an ear infection.

Consulting a veterinarian is recommended for the best course of action.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

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What Are the Causes of Malassezia Dermatitis in Cats?

Malassezia dermatitis generally occurs when a cat has a disruption of the normal skin barrier. Without your cat’s body’s normal protective mechanisms in place, your cat is at risk for yeast and even bacterial infections. Allergies are quite common in our kitties, just like they can be for people. Allergies in cats are usually divided into four main categories:

Allergies can make our cats itchy or pruritic, further disrupting the skin barrier. Metabolic conditions are sometimes associated with skin lesions and Malassezia infections. Hyperthyroidism in cats can lead to overgrooming.

Certain medications increase the likelihood of suppressing your cat’s immune system and make secondary infections more likely. A common medication category is steroids. Interestingly, steroids are also used to decrease skin inflammation. Chemotherapy medications can also affect the immune system.

Diagnosing Malassezia Dermatitis in Your Cat

If your cat has hair loss or lichenified skin, how exactly do we get a diagnosis and figure out what’s going on? First, your veterinarian will take a thorough history. Your vet will likely need to know things like:

Can you think of anything that might have changed in your cat’s environment? Make sure to let your veterinary team know. Your vet will examine your cat from nose to tail. They’ll need to look inside your cat’s ears, between your feline’s toes, and on the cat’s belly. Your veterinarian will look for evidence of fleas, broken hairs, scaly skin, or signs of an ear infection.

To diagnose Malassezia, your vet will generally utilize a skin cytology. They will take a glass microscope slide and collect smears from your cat’s skin, particularly places like the claw folds. The vet can also use a piece of tape to collect cells. The veterinary team stains the shoe and examines it under the microscope, looking for bacteria, yeast, and other cells.

Sometimes, your veterinarian will use other diagnostic tools. Blood work and a urinalysis are helpful to rule out metabolic issues like kidney disease and hyperthyroidism. A fungal culture is used to diagnose certain dermatophytes, which we commonly refer to as ringworm. A skin biopsy is used to diagnose conditions such as an autoimmune disorder.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Malassezia Dermatitis?

Topical therapy is the most commonly utilized treatment for Malassezia dermatitis, but oral medications are also used, especially in severe cases. Your veterinarian might prescribe topical spot-on medications like miconazole. Shampoos are helpful because they treat the infection and may help improve the skin barrier. By using topical medications like ketoconazole shampoo, you can get higher concentrations of the antifungal at the skin level where you need it.

Oral antifungal medications are helpful when you might have trouble treating an area topically. Unfortunately, these medications may have an increased rush of side effects, from causing inappetence to liver damage. If your cat needs to be on antifungal medication long-term, your veterinarian may need regular blood monitoring.

It’s important to treat the underlying cause of skin issues. Allergies may be treated with immunotherapy (allergy shots) or medications like Atopica (cyclosporine). For long-term control, you may need to use maintenance topical therapy or pulse-dosing oral medications.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can you prevent Malassezia dermatitis?

It’s difficult to completely prevent a Malassezia infection because so many contributing factors exist. You can try to stay ahead of the problem with topical therapy, like antifungal shampoo or mousse. Omega-3 fatty acids are also helpful in strengthening your cat’s skin barrier.

Is Malassezia otitis the same as dermatitis?

Malassezia otitis is specifically an ear infection caused by an overgrowth of Malassezia. At the same time, dermatitis refers to an issue affecting the skin more generally.

Conclusion

Malassezia dermatitis may be less commonly diagnosed in cats than dogs, but it’s no less frustrating. Your veterinarian must diagnose the condition with a skin cytology and treatment may involve regularly bathing your cat or oral antifungal medication.

• Also see: Cat Yeast Infection vs. Ear Mites: Vet Reviewed Differences (With Pictures)

Featured Image Credit: Yekatseryna Netuk, Shutterstock

The post Yeast Infection in Cats (Malassezia Dermatitis): Our Vet Discusses Signs, Causes & Treatment by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

You adopted your kitty from the shelter and can’t help but wonder at some of her behaviors. Certain noises trigger her flight from the room. Certain objects cause her to hiss. Could your cat have PTSD?

Can Cats Have PTSD?

While we don’t commonly refer to cats as having PTSD, the truth is they certainly can have behaviors that are triggered by sights, sounds, smells, and actions. Stressful triggers could range from a storm outside to being taken to a family member’s house for pet sitting while you’re out of town.

Cats that have gone through traumatic events may show fear-related behaviors or even aggressive behaviors in response to certain stimuli.

What Are the Signs of PTSD in Cats?

Signs of stress or PTSD can be challenging to identify in some pets, while other cases are pretty clear-cut. It can take time to become attuned to the behaviors of our furry family members.

What Are the Causes of PTSD in Cats?

Our cats can’t directly tell us what’s bothering them, so it can be challenging to identify things that stress your cat out or trigger an episode of panic or aggression. Things could also have happened when you weren’t in their life, such as being abandoned by a previous owner, which can lead to PTSD in your cat.

Some cats experience physical abuse at the hands of humans in their lives. These cats are much more likely to develop PTSD.

If your cat sees an action or object that reminds them of that event, they may become severely stressed. Even something as seemingly innocuous as going to the vet can be a painful trigger. Loud sounds can also trigger stressful responses in our cats. Storms, fireworks, trains, and more can all be scary noise sources that send our cats fleeing.

While abandonment or neglect are more likely to be identified as a PTSD-inciting event, lack of attention can also foster PTSD in your cat. These cats would lack vital interactions and socialization that help make for a happy and healthy feline.

You might not think of illness as causing PTSD, but it can be a significant factor in how your cat responds to stimuli. If your cat has arthritis pain, it could associate jumping on the couch with pain and start to avoid it. Did your cats get into a fight? One or both cats might start to avoid the other. This can also be a reason why cats start to avoid using the litter box.

Diagnosing PTSD in Your Cat

If you notice abnormal behaviors in your cat, contact your veterinarian for an appointment. Your vet will start by taking a thorough history and performing a comprehensive physical exam, looking your cat over from nose to tail. The vet will look for physical changes that could account for these behaviors, like a painful hip.

Your veterinarian might suggest diagnostics to assess your cat more in-depth. Blood work can look for metabolic changes, while a urinalysis might reveal a urinary tract infection. Radiographs (X-rays) are helpful to check for bladder stones or areas of arthritis.

Some veterinarians, particularly behaviorists, may need to visit your home to watch how your cat reacts to different scenarios. Videos of your cat’s movements, interactions with other pets and family members, and where they hide can all provide vital information to your veterinary team.

How Do I Care for a Cat With PTSD?

The first step in caring for a cat with PTSD or anxiety is identifying that there is an issue. The extent of the anxiety will help determine what steps you need to take to help your cat.

1. Environmental Changes

If something in the environment triggers your cat, can you remove it? Sometimes, rearranging the furniture and adding a cat tree or scratcher can make a significant difference. A TV set or white noise machine may provide soothing background noise to help keep loud sounds from causing panic.

If you have multiple cats or other animals, ensure everyone has a safe space to go. You should have at least one litter box for each cat plus an additional one, and they should be placed in different areas around the house.

2. Behavioral Modification

Counterconditioning your cat can be difficult, but it is a great way to help it develop more positive associations with certain stimuli. Working with an animal behaviorist is often the best way to utilize behavioral modification practices because what works for one pet may not work for another.

3. Medication

Veterinarians use several medications to reduce anxiety. These medications are most effective when combined with behavioral modification.

Some supplements, such as the Purina Calming Care Probiotic, are helpful. Pheromone products like Feliway are not traditional medications but can help reduce your cat’s stress and anxiety. Combine pheromones with a product like Cat Attract litter to encourage your cat to use the litter box.

4. Enrichment

Enrichment activities are vital to your cat’s well-being. They often provide mental and physical interactions and can also build the human-animal bond between you and your cat. Puzzle toys and even building obstacles for your cat to investigate are both great ways to enrich your cat’s environment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do cats get traumatized after a cat fight?

Cats can certainly be traumatized after a cat fight, especially if an aggressor constantly bullies one of your cats. The affected cat might become more withdrawn, fearful, and jumpy. They might eat less or start urinating outside of the litter box.

Do cats remember traumatic events?

Cats can remember the good and the bad that happen to them. Even if they happen once, adverse events can leave a lasting impression and affect your cat’s behavior for years if you don’t intervene.

Conclusion

Cats can have PTSD, but we don’t often call it that or describe it as such. Anxiety-inducing events should be addressed through positive methods like counterconditioning when possible. Your veterinarian might also suggest medication as a means of helping your cat.

Featured Image Credit: Rawpixel.com, Shutterstock

The post Can Cats Have PTSD? Our Vet Explains Trauma Facts & How to Help by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Has your cat started to have an odd meow? Maybe it’s deeper or really squeaky, but there is no doubt about it: something is not right. Let’s examine feline laryngitis, including some of the potential causes and treatment options.

What Is Laryngitis in Cats?

Laryngitis is inflammation of your cat’s larynx, a structure also commonly referred to as the voice box. Viral infections can cause the condition. Some cats have no changes other than a change in the volume or tone of their voice. Other cats may show signs of a respiratory infection, such as sneezing, watery eyes, or even trouble breathing.

What Are the Signs of Laryngitis in Cats?

You’ll typically be able to identify that something is wrong by a change in your cat’s voice.

What Are the Causes of Laryngitis in Cats?

Laryngitis can be caused by a range of things, including infections. Viral and bacterial respiratory illnesses can easily impact the larynx. If your cat has this type of infection, they might have watery eyes or be sneezing or coughing. A severe case of cellulitis in the mouth could, in theory, extend to the larynx.

Inhaled irritants are sometimes associated with laryngitis. These could include pollen, dust, and even cigarette smoke.

Obstructions can affect the larynx as well. While it’s less common to see in cats than in dogs, foreign bodies can get lodged within the oronasal cavities. Tumors in the throat can also cause issues here. In some cats, thyroid gland tumors can lead to hyperthyroidism and even enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Trauma to the throat can contribute to laryngitis. As difficult as it might be to think about, some cats are choked. A too-tight collar could also irritate the larynx. Some cats develop facial nerve paralysis. This relatively uncommon condition in cats can contribute to laryngitis.

Diagnosing Laryngitis in Your Cat

If your cat makes abnormal noises, it’s worth contacting your veterinarian. They’ll want to start with a complete physical exam. The veterinarian will listen to your cat’s chest and may even auscultate over the kitty’s throat with a stethoscope. The vet will gently look inside your cat’s mouth and palpate their throat for size changes, painful areas, and more.

If your cat appears to have a respiratory infection, the veterinarian might swab the throat for a PCR panel to determine the infectious agent contributing to the infection.

Blood work is quite helpful. Elevated white blood cell counts can indicate infection. A thyroid level helps your veterinary team assess your cat’s thyroid function in case your cat is hyperthyroid.

Your vet might use different forms of imaging. Radiographs (X-rays) help examine for structural changes. An ultrasound might be used to look for fluid pockets. A long, flexible camera called an endoscope might be used to image the area internally.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Laryngitis

Treatment varies for cats with laryngitis. If there is evidence of a bacterial infection, antibiotics are often used to treat the disease. One such example is Clavamox, a potentiated version of amoxicillin.

Anti-inflammatory medications might be needed. The two main non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that we use in cats are Onsior (robenacoxib) and Metacam (meloxicam). Instead of an NSAID, your veterinarian might suggest prednisolone, a steroid.

Beyond pharmaceutical options, some cats need supportive care. If your cat doesn’t panic, steam up the bathroom with a hot shower and then bring your kitty into the room. The warm air can moisten airways and loosen secretions.

If your cat has eye or nasal discharge, gently wipe the drainage away with a clean, damp cloth. If this discharge sits there, especially in a long-haired cat, it can irritate the skin. Your veterinarian might suggest changing your cat’s food. A softer food may be easier for your cat to swallow and more enticing to a cat with a stuffy nose. Canned foods are your go-to, but some dry foods can be softened with warm water. Just make sure the water isn’t too warm.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is laryngitis in cats contagious?

Laryngitis is not typically contagious, but the underlying cause, such as a virus or bacterial infection, can sometimes be contagious. Speak to your veterinarian to see if you will need to isolate your sick kitty.

Is laryngitis permanent in cats?

Most cats will recover from their bout of laryngitis, but if it is significant enough, the cat could permanently damage their larynx. Nerve damage or swelling could be permanent.

Conclusion

We hope this article helped answer any questions you had about what to do if you notice a change in your cat’s meow, tenderness, or swelling when you touch its throat or lethargy. The safest thing would be to have your cat examined by a veterinarian. These changes could indicate laryngitis and need treatment.

Featured Image Credit: Cat Box, Shutterstock

The post Cat Laryngitis: Our Vet Explains Causes, Signs, & Treatments by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Your cat has been shaking their head nonstop, and it looks like they have an ear infection. You call your vet’s office to see when they can fit you in for an appointment. They say in five days.

Frustrated, you call around and no one is available. Inspiration strikes, though, and you check online. With the rapid emergence of telehealth, you can have your cat examined by a vet immediately.

When Should You Consider Using an Online Vet?

Knowing whether or not an online vet service might help you solve your pet’s problem can be difficult. The following are times when online veterinary care can benefit you and your pet:

At times, an in-person exam is essential, such as for:

The 9 Steps on How to Get a Vet Prescription Online

1. Figure out which veterinary telehealth service is suitable.

Your veterinarian might offer telehealth services, either with the same in-person team or with a dedicated team of online staff. This is an excellent option because these visits can often be linked to your account and pet’s history.

Depending on your state, though, not all online visits are created equal. Some states require that you have established an in-person veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR) before medication can be prescribed via a telehealth meeting. However, this is not always the case.

Your pet might require a more specialized telehealth visit via the phone or internet, such as when contacting the Pet Poison Helpline. The staff there will make toxicology recommendations to your veterinarian (and often you).

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

2. Gather any pertinent history to give to your online veterinarian.

A complete history is essential for your online veterinarian to understand your pet’s health situation. An organized approach makes explaining your cat’s condition to the vet much easier, which is especially helpful since they can’t examine your pet in person.

3. Schedule a time for your pet’s consultation.

Consider having someone available to help you with your pet during the call so you can focus on answering your veterinarian’s questions. For example, this extra person can help restrain your cat and assist in positioning your pet so the vet can see them more clearly, or they can help take photos of skin lesions.

4. Answer your veterinarian’s questions to the best of your ability.

Many of us are guilty of embellishing the truth at one time or another, but your vet really needs you to be completely honest. They’re not looking at your cat in person, so they will need as accurate a picture as possible. Knowing exactly how something smells, sounds, and looks is vital.

5. Keep on hand all the products that your pet has taken.

Depending on how your veterinarian plans to treat your pet, your furry family member might need a prescription medicine or a dosage adjustment of their current medication. You should be able to show the online vet any over-the-counter treatment, such as Vetericyn, wound spray, or probiotics, that your cat might be taking.

6. Ask the veterinarian about follow-up plans.

Depending on the circumstances, some veterinarians will want you to have a follow-up visit with an in-person vet exam. They may also refer you directly to a veterinary specialty hospital or emergency facility.

7. Order your medication.

There are several online options for ordering prescription medications or foods. Certain online veterinarian telehealth programs partner with an online retailer like Chewy.com. Sometimes, prescriptions can be sent to a local pharmacy for pick-up.

8. Initiate treatment for your pet and monitor their progress.

When you have your veterinarian’s directions, it’s time to implement the treatment plan.

Follow the directions carefully, such as the frequency of bathing or how many tablets to give your cat. Photos taken at home can help you track your progress. You could take pictures of skin lesions or film your cat jumping or otherwise moving around.

9. Follow up with your veterinarian.

Schedule a recheck appointment with your vet in person or via telehealth so the veterinarian can evaluate your cat’s progress and make changes as needed.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a virtual vet prescribe antibiotics?

A virtual vet can only prescribe antibiotics or other prescription medications within the scope of the laws of your state. Typically, you must already have a valid VCPR.

What are some advantages of veterinary telemedicine?

Generally speaking, telehealth visits tend to be less stressful for your cat since there’s no transportation involved. This type of appointment is also more convenient because you can choose the time that suits you best and you won’t need to leave your home. There are also usually fewer extraneous costs, such as missing work or needing to get more gas to get to the veterinary clinic. Appointments for telemedicine consults also tend to be longer.

Conclusion

In many areas, telehealth is becoming increasingly common for human medical concerns and those of pets. The regulations and laws are constantly changing, but your online veterinarian or telehealth service will be able to let you know if they can prescribe medication for your cat.

• See also: Virtual Vet Visits

Featured Image Credit: Daisy Daisy, Shutterstock

The post How to Get a Vet Prescription Online: 9 Steps & What to Expect by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Our cats are beloved members of our families, living longer and healthier lives than ever before. It’s important to realize that with longer lifespans, veterinarians and pet owners are seeing age-related changes in our feline family members, including cognitive changes.

What Is Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats?

Feline cognitive dysfunction is also referred to as kitty dementia. Cognitive dysfunction is a gradual change that happens over an extended period. Rapid changes may have a different underlying cause.

Typically, brain and cognitive changes occur in senior cats, with them often at least 10 to 15 years old. Cats of any breed can develop cognitive dysfunction.

What Are the Signs of Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats?

Signs of cognitive dysfunction vary between cats, with some showing only one or two signs that are difficult to detect and others with significantly more. Some of the signs to watch for include:

There’s a process in pets and people with cognitive dysfunction that tends to be called sundowning. It refers to the fact that some animals and people show more signs of cognitive changes later in the day, like after the sun goes down.

If your pet is showing these signs, we suggest you speak to a vet.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

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What Are the Causes of Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats?

The main thought behind why cognitive dysfunction develops in cats is the presence of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. The protein accumulates in the brain, eventually slowing blood flow to parts of the brain, which inevitably leads to neuronal cell death. Changes that we associate with cognitive dysfunction can also have a root in other health conditions.

Some examples include:

Diagnosing Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats

Diagnosing cognitive dysfunction is challenging in pets. In cats, your veterinarian will want to perform a thorough physical exam, checking for discomfort from dental pain or arthritis, ocular changes, and even skin changes that could suggest anxiety.

They will likely recommend several diagnostic tests because there are several things to rule out:

Your veterinarian may refer you to a neurologist to perform an MRI to look for brain changes. They’ll likely also perform a spinal tap to check for infections.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Cognitive Dysfunction?

First things first, your vet will want to treat any underlying health conditions that could be contributing to the appearance of cognitive dysfunction. The veterinarian may recommend dental cleaning and extractions to treat diseased teeth. Hyperthyroidism can be treated with methimazole.

Consider a medication like Solensia as a monthly injection for arthritis pain in cats. Gabapentin is commonly prescribed for both anxiety and neurogenic pain.

You can also try different litter pans for your cat, such as ones with a lower lip, so they don’t have to step as high if they’re uncomfortable or alternatively, you can try litter box ramp.

Diets high in vitamin E and antioxidants may have brain health benefits and slow the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Other supplements that might be beneficial include:

Talk to your veterinarian about melatonin to help your cat sleep at night.

Don’t make sudden changes within the house. If you have to move furniture, try to navigate your cat around the new locations so they learn where everything is, especially if they have vision changes.

Consider not bringing new pets into the environment, which could stress your cat more.

Enrichment is beneficial for these kitties. You can put food in a puzzle toy or treat dispenser so your cat can manipulate it to get the kibble out.

Pheromone products, like Feliway Pheromone Diffuser, help cats have less stress or anxiety. Your veterinarian may prescribe a behavioral modifying medication, such as fluoxetine or amitriptyline.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How long does a cat live with dementia?

Cats can live several years with dementia, and it doesn’t have to impact their lifespan at all. The most significant issues are managing any underlying health problems to keep your cat comfortable and what you can handle. Some people have issues if a cat is waking them up all night. Significant disruptions within the human-animal bond could mean it’s time to consider euthanasia.

How can I improve my cat’s quality of life with dementia?

You can try a few things to keep your cat’s quality of life at an acceptable level:

Conclusion

Cognitive dysfunction is a severe condition affecting cats that can drastically impact you and your cat’s quality of life. Work with your vet to try and pinpoint underlying causes that may be treatable, and above all, be patient with your kitty. This is scary for them as well, and they will need your support.

See Also: 

• Feline Cognitive Decline: Vet-Reviewed Signs, Diagnosis & Treatment
• Solensia for Cats: Vet-Reviewed Uses & Effectiveness

Featured Image Credit: 毛 祥, Unsplash

The post Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats (CDS): Causes, Signs & Treatment (Vet Answer) by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

It’s natural to want to offer your kitty something from your garden, but how do you know what is safe or potentially dangerous for your feline friends? Let’s look at some of the herbs you may have access to that you could let your cat around and some that should be avoided.

An Important Note About Herbs

Even if an herb is considered “safe” for your cat, it could still cause issues like gastrointestinal upset in large quantities. Talk to your veterinarian about anything you’re considering giving your cat because cats with allergies or specific health issues could be more likely to have side effects.

It’s also important to understand that we don’t know all about how herbs can affect our cats or their potential benefits. Also, just because a product claims to have certain benefits doesn’t mean it will work for your cat.

If you’re unsure which herbs may benefit your cat’s health, it’s best to contact your vet for a recommendation.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

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The 10 Herbs That Are Safe for Cats

1. Catnip (Nepeta cataria)

Many cats love catnip. You might have even given it to your cat and watched them roll around. It can be an effective attractant, helping you get your cat used to items in the house like a scratching pad or litter box.

Catnip can be grown indoors or outdoors. Interestingly, one study¹ found that cats rubbing against plants like catnip and silver bone protected them from mosquitoes.

2. Cat Grass

Cat grass is often a combination of safe grasses for kitties to munch on or roll around. It is usually a single population or a combination of barley, oats, wheat, or rye. These grasses are generally grown indoors, so they don’t contain pesticides or other chemicals that could make your cat sick.

Cat grass can be beneficial to your cat for several reasons. It can help move material through your cat’s gut and contains folic acid. Folic acid is especially important in biochemical reactions within your cat’s body, such as DNA synthesis and even the production of red blood cells.

3. Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

According to the ASPCA, an excellent resource for checking if plants are toxic, basil is non-toxic for cats and dogs. That means you shouldn’t have anything to worry about if your cat knocks over your basil plant or chomps on a few leaves. Your cat isn’t likely to get major benefits from eating basil, but they can get some micronutrients, including folic acid.

4. Valerian Root (Valeriana officinalis)

Valerian root is safe for cats to consume because it has a wide margin of safety. Like in people, it has calming properties. You can find it in a range of calming products for cats.

5. Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)

Milk thistle, or silymarin, is a commonly recommended supplement for cats and dogs and is considered safe. One of the more commonly recommended supplements in veterinary practices is a milk thistle combination product, branded under several names such as Denamarin or Denosyl. Your veterinarian may recommend this supplement if your cat has evidence of liver changes on blood work because it may support liver health and may improve your cat’s elevated liver enzyme values.

6. Echinacea (Echinacea)

While there are limited studies on using echinacea in animals, it is a safe and well-tolerated supplement. It may benefit your pet’s immune system and reduce symptoms associated with upper respiratory infections, but that information is primarily based on studies in people.

7. Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Licorice root appears safe for pets and has been touted for its numerous health benefits, including digestive health. A main ingredient in licorice root is glycyrrhizic acid. This compound may have significant potential in several aspects, as it appears to be:

8. Dandelion (Taraxacum)

Dandelions have long been a popular plant cultivated for medicinal purposes, even though many people consider them a weed. There are a variety of species of dandelions, but they all appear safe for cats. If you haven’t treated the yard with fertilizers, pesticides, or other hazardous chemicals, these plants are safe for your feline friends to eat outside.

9. Calendula (Calendula)

Calendula has many names, the most common of which is the common marigold. Marigolds are popular as companion plants to help keep pests away from vegetables like tomatoes, so you probably have some in your garden already. They’re not considered toxic for cats or dogs, so feel free to grow some in your kitty’s herb garden.

10. Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis)

Marshmallow root is safe for cats and may provide various potential health benefits. It can coat irritated tissues and has antibacterial activity. In addition to helping with inflammation, it may also help regulate your pet’s blood sugar.

Herbs and Plants to Avoid

Some herbs can be incredibly toxic for your cat and have different side effects. Avoid planting these in your garden if your cat has access to the outside, and keep them out of your cat’s reach in the house to keep your feline family member safe.

Mint (Mentha species)

Mint contains essential oils that, while often beneficial for people, are unsafe for cats. According to the ASPCA’s toxic plants list, mint can cause vomiting and diarrhea, particularly if your cat eats a lot of this herb.

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)

Lavender is classified as toxic to cats (as well as dogs and horses). While lovely and fragrant, this plant can cause gastrointestinal issues in cats, ranging from inappetence to vomiting.

Allium Species (Allium)

Garlic, onions, and chives belong to the same plant family, as they are Allium species. These plants can cause mild to significant gastrointestinal signs, including vomiting. What’s particularly scary is that in cats and dogs, they can damage red blood cells and lead to hemolytic anemia, which could be life-threatening. If there’s the possibility that your cat could’ve gotten into garlic, onions, or chives, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Conclusion

Numerous plants are safe for cats to be around, and just as many, if not more, have the potential to be toxic. Before you bring any plants into the house or chop up some herbs to add to your kitty’s dinner, ensure they aren’t harmful. Your veterinarian is an excellent source of information to see if supplements or herbal remedies might help your cat, especially as some can interfere with more traditional pharmaceuticals.

• See also: Herbs for Cats That Improve Health & Are Feline Friendly (Vet Answer)

Featured Image Credit: Georgia Evans, Shutterstock

The post 10 Herbs That Are Safe for Cats (& Ones to Avoid) Our Vet Answers by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

You adopted your cat from a shelter, and she was already spayed. Now, several years later, she yowls and acts like she could be in heat, but that couldn’t be possible, right?

You bring it up to your vet during your cat’s semi-annual physical exam, and they suggest that your cat could have ovarian remnant syndrome. Let’s dive into what that could mean and what to do for your cat.

What Is Ovarian Remnant Syndrome?

Ovarian remnant syndrome is a condition where there is still some ovarian tissue left in the abdomen after a vet has spayed your cat. This condition can also occur in dogs.

You might notice that your cat is showing signs consistent with being in heat or estrus. While they can’t get pregnant, affected cats may be attracted to males. Your veterinarian will examine your cat and suggest specific tests to confirm a diagnosis of a retained ovarian remnant.

Typically, this condition occurs because a piece or an entire ovary is left within your cat’s abdomen during the spay procedure. Some cats can have ectopic ovarian tissue, which is ovarian tissue in an abnormal place within the body.

What Are the Signs of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Cats?

Because cats with retained ovarian tissue experience hormone cycles, they will show signs similar to an unspayed female. Interestingly, it can take years for a cat to show signs of a retained ovarian remnant. According to the Animal Surgical Center of Michigan, affected cats will show signs of a heat cycle an average of 15.5 months after spaying. In addition, roughly 17% of spay complications involve ovarian remnants.

Common signs of a retained ovary are bloody discharge from your cat’s vulva and an enlarged or swollen vulva. Because cats are avid groomers, you may not see either of these signs in your cat.

Another sign of estrus in cats is increased vocalization. Your ordinarily quiet cat may yowl continuously. They can also be increasingly restless. If you have an intact, unneutered male cat, your female may allow or encourage copulation, but they will not be able to get pregnant.

Secondary to hormone changes, your cat’s mammary glands and nipples may enlarge.

What Are the Causes of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Cats?

The most common cause of ovarian remnant syndrome in pets is surgical error. The surgeon leaves a portion of the ovary remaining after surgical removal of the ovaries during a spay. This complication may be a little more common in cats than dogs because it can be harder to visualize the whole ovary as it’s harder to break down the proper ligament in cats than in dogs.

Another potential cause is ectopic ovarian tissue. This cause relates to ovarian tissue not being located in a normal position in your cat’s abdomen. Instead of its usual location within the ovary, some ectopic tissue can be found in places like the broad ligament. If your veterinarian doesn’t detect this ectopic tissue during surgery, it gets left behind and becomes an ovarian remnant.

The remaining tissue becomes hypertrophied after a while and continues to secrete reproductive hormones, leading to signs of estrus.

You do need to be careful about certain medications because they can also mimic your cat having an ovarian remnant. If you use a topical estrogen cream and your cat can touch or lick it off, they can present like your cat is having a heat cycle.

Diagnosing Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Cats

Your veterinarian may have a strong suspicion that your cat has ovarian remnant syndrome, but it should be confirmed through testing before any intervention.

First, ensure there’s no chance that anyone has exposed your cat to topical estrogen or progesterone.

Your veterinarian may perform vaginal cytology to look for cellular changes consistent with a heat cycle, most notably cornified vaginal epithelial cells.

The best support for ovarian remnant syndrome is using two hormone tests.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Ovarian Remnant Syndrome?

Unfortunately, if your cat has ovarian remnant syndrome, they’ll need surgery to remove the remaining ovarian tissue. Some veterinarians can perform this surgery laparoscopically, where your vet will make a series of small incisions and use a camera to identify the tissue.

Sometimes, your veterinarian will perform an exploratory surgery to identify the retained tissue. The procedure is done the same way as your cat’s initial spay.

After surgery comes the hard part: keeping your cat quiet and calm for about 10 days. If you have a very active kitty, your veterinarian might prescribe sedatives to keep them calm.

Gabapentin may be used as a pain medication and a mild sedative. They’ll also generally receive pain-relieving anti-inflammatory medication, such as Onsior (robenacoxib).

As hard as it might be, your cat should wear an Elizabethan collar (e-collar, for short). This usually rigid “cone of shame” can help keep your cat from licking or chewing at their incision, which could cause it to become inflamed, infected, or even reopen. Some cats do well with a bodysuit, so talk to your vet about what option might work best for your cat.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How common is ovarian remnant syndrome in cats?

Ovarian remnant syndrome is not a common occurrence after a spay, but it does appear to be more common in cats than dogs. Of post-ovariohysterectomy complications, less than 20% are retained in ovarian tissue.

One study looked at pre-surgical variables to see if anything was common to reviewed cases. The age of the pet and its breed were not significant factors. Interestingly, even obesity did not increase the risk of a cat having ovarian tissue left behind.

Can ovarian remnants become cancerous?

Ovarian remnants have the potential to become cancerous, at least in humans. We do know that, in pets, retained ovarian tissue can be linked to several cancers developing outside of the ovaries, such as mammary cancer (such as mammary gland adenocarcinoma) and vaginal cancer

Your cat is also at a higher risk for developing a uterine stump pyometra, an infection within the remaining portion of the uterus.

Conclusion

Ovarian remnant syndrome can occur in cats as a result of poor surgical technique, trouble exposing the ovaries during an ovariohysterectomy, or even extra ovarian tissue in an abnormal place within your cat’s body. Your veterinarian will partner with you on surgery or refer you to a facility for laparoscopic surgery.

Featured Image Credit: megaflopp, Shutterstock

The post Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Cats: Causes, Signs & Treatments (Vet Answer) by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Anemia is an insidious disease that can affect your cat. Unfortunately, veterinarians often diagnose anemia when it has progressed to being a significant condition, causing weakness and lethargy. The signs are often subtle, so what do you look for to diagnose anemia in cats? Read on to learn more about the process.

What Is Anemia?

Anemia is when there is not a healthy amount of red blood cells circulating around the body. This health issue can also be due to a reduced amount of hemoglobin in the body.

Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs throughout the body. Without adequate levels of red blood cells, your cat will become weak as they can’t get enough oxygen to all the areas of the body.

Red blood cells form within the bone marrow. They circulate for roughly two to three months unless they become damaged. In a healthy pet, the old red blood cells get replaced by new red blood cells in a continuous cycle.

Without the healthy amount of red blood cells circulating around the body, the organs do not receive enough oxygen, and this can lead to them failing. Severe anemia can be fatal.

Signs of Anemia in Cats

Oxygen is necessary for many of the cellular reactions that occur within your cat’s body. An anemic cat is typically tired or lethargic. Unfortunately, lethargy is a relatively nonspecific finding, and in older cats, you might attribute it to their age.

Here are some other signs to be aware of:

If your pet is showing these signs, we suggest you speak to a vet.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

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Causes of Anemia in Cats

Your veterinarian can classify the causes of anemia into one of the major categories. These are as follows:

1. Red Blood Cell Destruction

If your cat eats certain toxic things, these substances could trigger your cat’s body to destroy red blood cells. Tylenol, garlic, and zinc are just a few materials that can cause erythrocyte oxidative injuries. The spleen helps clean up these damaged red blood cells, taking them out of circulation.

Infectious diseases can also contribute to red blood cell destruction. Often, fleas and ticks transmit these organisms, which is just one of the reasons why you should keep your cat on flea and tick prevention. Some of these infectious agents include:

In some cases of feline anemia, cats have immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. While some cases are idiopathic, and we don’t know the cause, vaccines or viruses such as feline leukemia may trigger some cases. With this condition, the immune system destroys the cat’s red blood cells.

2. Red Blood Cell Loss

Your cat can lose red blood cells in a range of ways. Unfortunately, parasites are a common cause of anemia. Your cat could have fleas or ticks that feed on blood, and these parasites can transmit infections that contribute to anemia.

Injuries can cause anemia. Outdoor cats are in danger of being hit by a car, but even cats that hang out on the balcony can fall from a height.

Some cancers can contribute to blood loss, such as transitional cell carcinoma in the bladder. Abnormalities in the gut, like ulcers, can also be associated with blood loss.

3. Trouble Producing Red Blood Cells

One of the significant conditions affecting senior cats is chronic kidney disease or renal failure. When the kidneys stop functioning normally, a hormone known as erythropoietin isn’t produced in appropriate amounts. This chemical messenger tells the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells; you’ll have an anemic cat without it.

Anemia of chronic disease is another process where chronic health issues and inflammation cause your cat’s bone marrow to produce fewer red blood cells.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How can I prevent anemia in cats?

Reducing possible exposure to agents that can cause anemia is essential for preventing anemia in cats. Keeping your cat inside is the best way to accomplish this feat. It’ll minimize their possible exposure to fleas and ticks, decrease their chances of getting exposed to viruses like feline leukemia, and virtually eliminate the possibility of getting hit by a car.

Regular preventative care, including screening blood work, can help your veterinarian diagnose potential causes of anemia sooner rather than waiting until your cat is already affected by a low red blood cell count and weak. Earlier intervention with kidney failure could buy your kitty more time.

Preventative care is also crucial for reducing your cat’s exposure to internal and external parasites like hookworms and fleas.

Can a cat recover from anemia?

Cats can recover from anemia sometimes, but not all the time. The prognosis and recovery time depend on many factors, from what is causing the anemia to how healthy your cat is overall. A mild case of flea anemia could be treated using flea prevention and environmental control measures, while an autoimmune condition may have a rather poor prognosis for recovery.

What do vets give cats for anemia?

The treatment your veterinarian prescribes for your anemic cat will depend on what the underlying cause of the anemia is and how severe it is. A blood transfusion may be necessary for a cat with a target low packed cell volume, but a mild case might be treatable with a vitamin supplement that contains iron, such as Pet-Tinic.

Conclusion

If your cat has anemia, you’re probably wondering what you need to do and if there’s any way you could have prevented it. Your veterinarian will need to run some diagnostic tests, but they can help determine your cat’s prognosis and a treatment plan.

• See Also: What Causes Anemia in Cats? Our Vet Explains

Featured Image Credit: Oporty786, Shutterstock

The post Anemia in Cats: Signs, Causes & Prevention (Vet Answer) by Dr. Samantha Devine DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.